Johnson Audio

How to Choose Between Steinberg's Top Digital Audio Workstations

Unlike most pro audio software manufacturers, Steinberg has two separate professional digital audio workstation flagships – Nuendo 4 and Cubase 5.

Priced at almost $1800 USD, Nuendo 4 is three times more expensive than Cubase 5. Not surprisingly, this huge discrepancy in price prompts many potential Steinberg users to ponder the differences between the two programs.

The dilemma becomes even more confusing due to the fact that both DAWs use the same core audio engine – meaning they both offer the same professional audio quality.

However, a look back at the histories and development of the two programs will make the differences between Cubase and Nuendo very clear.

The Development of Steinberg’s Cubase DAW

Having been around since the 1980s, Cubase is the older of the two programs by a long shot. Originally designed as a MIDI sequencing and editing program, Cubase evolved into a full-featured digital audio workstation over the course of the next decade and a half.

The last few versions of Cubase have become increasingly more focused on efficient ways to create and produce music. Cubase 5 is no exception as it is boasts a new feature set especially for beat creation, vocal editing and loop manipulation.

The Development of Steinberg’s Nuendo DAW

Nuendo was first conceived in the late 1990s and was initially very hard to distinguish from Cubase. In 2005, Nuendo grew into its own as a post-production flagship DAW with the release of Nuendo 3.

Nuendo 3 shared many core features with Cubase SX but added an extensive set of post-production features and networking capabilities that went miles beyond what was available in the Cubase DAW. This focus on audio post and live recording continued with the release of Nuendo 4

Cubase 5 or Nuendo 4?

Almost all the major differences between Cubase and Nuendo have to do with how each program handles "audio to picture" applications. While it is quite possible to score a picture in Cubase 5, the Cubase DAW is geared towards music creation and production. Conversely, Nuendo 4 is specifically designed to excel in professional audio post-production environments thanks to the inclusion of dozens of specialized features unavailable in Cubase.

Any users trying to decide between Cubase 5 and Nuendo 4 should pick Nuendo if they plan to be working with visual media in strict environments that require very specific professional formats. For example, Nuendo has the ability to work in 10.2 surround at 192 kHz with options for syncing to various video devices.

Cubase 5 is the obvious choice for musicians, composers and producers who have little need for the post-production features of Nuendo. In other words, it makes no sense to spend three times the money for features that are not going to be used.

Another downside to Nuendo 4 for music composers is that some of the important music creation features found in Cubase have been removed from the basic Nuendo 4 program only to be offered as an ‘Expansion Kit’ for an additional $300 USD.

Despite the obvious price difference, picking between Nuendo 4 and Cubase 5 is as simple as considering how often the DAW will be used for professional post-production work verses how often it will be used for composing and producing music.

Phenomenally successful British alt rock band Kaiser Chiefs were formed in 2003 and their debut album, Employment, released in 2005, shipped over 3 million copies across the world. Tracks such as 'Ruby','I Predict A Riot' and 'Everyday I Love You Less And Less' have been major selling singles for the band who continue to tour heavily. And not forgetting their inclusion in the various versions of the Guitar Hero game.

IK Multimedia recently spoke with keyboard player Nick Baines, known to fans as 'Peanut', who has been an IK user for many years.

He told them:
"Nick (Hodgson,drums) and I are the studio-heads in the band. We were using T-RackS way back when we were making the early Kaiser Chiefs demos and in the band we were in before that too!"

He then continues:
"T-RackS was our saviour as we were doing the best recordings we could manage with borrowed mics, mattresses for vocal booths and an old digital 8-track thing - everything went through T-RackS and it always came out better!"

"Initially the standalone version was all that was available when we first started using T-RackS, but now the Singles offer much more flexibility in our projects, we love those vintage EQ and Compressor modules, and we recently took delivery of the full Deluxe version - which blows us away!"

Peanut uses T-RackS 3 Deluxe, T-RackS 3 Singles and CSR Classik Studio Reverb in his studio.

I will take a crack at a comprehensive definition of sound based on what I have studied over the years.

Sound is what we call the sensation that is perceived by our brains when the eardrum responds to changes in air pressure. When the air pressure in the ear canal is greater than the air pressure behind the eardrum, the ear drum moves inward. If the air pressure is lower on the outide of the eardrum than within the chamber of the middle ear, the eardrum will move outward. Attached to the eardrum are three tiny bones arranged like a series of levers that transmit and amplify this inward and outward motion of the eardrum to a snail-shaped, liquid-filled chamber called the cochlea. The vibrations from the eardrum are transmitted to the liquid which causes hair-like cells lining the cochlea to vibrate. These hair cells then transmit electro-chemical impulses to the brain via the audiotory nerve and that is when we actually hear a sound.

In order to get the hair cells to vibrate, the changes in air pressure must be relatively quick. They must generally occur between 20 times to 20,000 times per second. This corresponds to a frequency range of 20 Hertz (Hz) to 20 kiloHertz (kHz). Any thing that vibrates in the air in this frequency range will make a sound that a human with excellent hearing could hear. The average adult would have a somewhat dimished range. Also, our ears are much better at hearing frequencies in the middle of this range that at the extremes.

All musical instruments, human vocal cords, speaker cones, etc. are simply creating vibrations in the air molecules surrounding them. These vibrations result in changes in air pressure that correspond to how quickly the object is vibrating. The vibrating object sends out waves of fluctuating air pressure much like a dripping faucet sends out ripples in a tub of water. When the wave of fluctuating pressure reaches your eardrum it causes it to move in and out at the same frequency as the vibrating object. If the changes are sustained and regular, you will hear a pitch or a note. If the vibrations also contain more complex harmonically and non-harmonically related frequencies, you will perceive a specific instrument or a unique voice.

Remember the age old question: "If a tree falls in the forest and there is no one there to hear it, does it make a sound?" If you take the question very literally the answer is no. The tree disturbs the air and makes the ground shake. But if there are no ears to pick up the vibrations and transmit them to a brain that can interpret the stimulus, then it isn't really a sound. It is just vibrations in air.

Another way to think of it is like this: Consider a very low frequency vibration like the tremor of a distant earthquake. You may feel its effects with your feet if you are standing on the ground, but you won't hear it. You would say it is not making any sound, but the shaking earth is disturbing air molecules. It is just not doing so at a rate that is quick enough to cause your hair cells to react and send impulses to the brain.

However, an animal like an elephant for instance, may indeed be able to hear low frequencies of which a human may be totally unaware. In fact, it has been documented that elephants call to each other at frequencies we humans consider subsonic or infrasonic (below the range of hearing). These "sounds" are not subsonic to elephants because their ears are able to pick them up and there brains are able to interpret them. In other words, sound is in the ear of the beholder!

Beberapa orang menganggap musik tidak berwujud sama sekali.

Musik menurut Aristoteles mempunyai kemampuan mendamaikan hati yang gundah, mempunyai terapi rekreatif dan menumbuhkan jiwa patriotisme.


Aspek-aspek musik

Musik adalah bunyi yang dikeluarkan oleh satu atau beberapa alat musik yang dihasilkan oleh individu yang berbeda-beda berdasarkan sejarah, budaya, lokasi dan selera seseorang.

Definisi sejati tentang musik juga bermacam-macam: -Bunyi yang dianggap enak oleh pendengarnya -Segala bunyi yang dihasilkan secara sengaja oleh seseorang atau kumpulan dan disajikan sebagai musik.



Alat-alat musik


Alat musik yang tradisional

• Alat musik petik: gitar, kecapi, sasando, banjo, ukulele, mandolin, harpa, gambus
• Alat musik gesek: biola, rebab, cello
• Alat musik ketuk: organ, piano, harpsichord,
• Alat musik tiup: seruling, terompet, trombon, harmonika, pianika, recorder sopran,
• Alat musik pukul: tamborin, jidor, rebana, gamelan,
• Alat musik moderen: gitar listrik, organ, akordeon, drum,

Aliran-aliran musik


Berikut adalah daftar aliran/genre utama dalam musik. Masing-masing genre terbagi lagi menjadi beberapa sub-genre. Pengkategorian musik seperti ini, meskipun terkadang merupakan hal yang subjektif, namun merupakan salah satu ilmu yang dipelajari dan ditetapkan oleh para ahli musik dunia.

Dalam beberapa dasawarsa terakhir, dunia musik mengalami banyak perkembangan. Banyak jenis musik baru yang lahir dan berkembang. Contohnya musik triphop yang merupakan perpaduan antara beat-beatmusik pop yang ringan dan enak didengar. Contoh musisi yang mengusung jenis musik ini adalah Frou Frou, Sneaker Pimps dan Lamb. Ada juga hip-hop rock yang diusung oleh Linkin Park. Belum lagi dance rock dan neo wave rock yang kini sedang in. banyak kelompok musik baru yang berkibar dengan jenis musik ini, antara lain Franz Ferdinand, Bloc Party, The Killers, The Bravery dan masih banyak lagi. elektronik dengan

Bahkan sekarang banyak pula grup musik yang mengusung lagu berbahasa daerah dengan irama musik rock, jazz dan blues. Grup musik yang membawa aliran baru ini di Indonesia sudah cukup banyak salah satunya adalah Funk de Java yang mengusung lagu berbahasa Jawa dalam musik rock.

• Musik klasik
• Musik rakyat/musik tradisional
• Musik keagamaan
• Blues
• Jazz
• Country
• Rock
• Musik populer
• Musik dunia

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas